High performance engines (such as turbocharged, high-speed self-priming, hybrid systems, etc.) require much more oil than ordinary household cars, and fully synthetic oil is the only lubrication solution that can meet their extreme working conditions. As an engineer, I analyze its necessity from the perspectives of materials science, thermodynamics, and tribology

1、 Molecular level protection under high temperature and high pressure (core requirements for turbocharging/high speed)

The lifeline of a turbocharger

PAO+ester mixed oil oxidation starting temperature ≥ 230 ℃

Add boron based anti-wear agents (such as Lubrizol 9675) to maintain a lubricating film at 300 ℃

Molecular chain breakage of base oil (carbonization risk increased by 300%)

Formation of hard carbon deposits (causing the turbine shaft to jam)

The temperature of turbine bearings can reach 280-320 ℃ (gasoline engine)/400 ℃+(diesel engine), and mineral oil at this temperature:

Fully synthetic oil solution:

High speed shearing challenge

The viscosity index improver for mineral oil fails within 30 hours (ASTM D6278 test)

The star shaped polymer structure of fully synthetic oil has a 4-fold increase in shear resistance

When the speed is greater than 7000rpm, the oil can withstand a shear rate of 10 ^ 6/s (only 10 ^ 5/s for household cars):

2、 Extreme pressure lubrication technology (exclusive issue for direct injection/hybrid systems)

working condition

Mineral oil defects

Total synthesis scheme

Direct injection of high-pressure fuel into the cylinder leads to oil film rupture and polar ester oil adsorption on metal surfaces due to fuel dilution

Frequent start stop of hybrid motor, low-temperature sludge blocking oil passage GTL base oil+polyether cleaner

Intense driving on the track, sudden rise in oil temperature causing viscosity collapse, nano tungsten disulfide (WS ₂) reinforcement film

Laboratory data: The wear of connecting rod bearings of Porsche 911 GT3 using ester fully synthetic oil was reduced by 82% compared to mineral oil in the New York North track test (SAE 2022-01-0653)

3、 Material Compatibility Revolution (Invisible Threshold for Contemporary High Performance Engines)

Low ash formula (National VI B/Euro 7 emission requirements)

Traditional ZDDP anti-wear agents with ash content ≥ 1.0% will block GPF (particle trap)

Fully synthetic oil adopts organic molybdenum/borate composite technology, with ash content ≤ 0.8%

Insulation requirements for hybrid systems

Toyota THS-II motor requires oil resistivity ≥ 10 ^ 9 Ω· m

Mineral oil contains conductive impurities, while PAO base oil is naturally insulated